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Model testing of tripod caisson foundations in silty clay subjected to eccentric lateral loads

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期页码 467-476 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0933-6

摘要： In this study, model tests were conducted to investigate the bearing capacities of tripod caisson foundations subjected to eccentric lateral loads in silty clay. Lateral load–rotation curves of five eccentric-shaped tripod suction foundations were plotted to analyze the bearing capacities at different loading angles. It was observed that the loading angle significantly influenced the bearing capacity of the foundations, particularly for eccentric tripod caisson foundations. Compared with eccentric tripod caisson foundations, the traditional tripod foundation has a relatively high ultimate lateral capacity at the omnidirectional loading angle. By analyzing the displacement of the caissons, a formula for the rotational center of the tripod caisson foundation subjected to an eccentric lateral load was derived. The depth of the rotation center was 0.68–0.92 times the height of the caisson when the bearing capacity reached the limit. Under the undrained condition, suction was generated under the lid of the “up-lift” caisson, which helps resist lateral forces from the wind and waves.

关键词： tripod caisson foundation silty clay eccentric lateral capacity model tests

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大型深水沉井基础设计

陆勤丰,赵都桓,杨进

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第4期页码 9-13

摘要：

泰州大桥采用主跨为1 080 m三塔两跨悬索桥，中塔位于主江中心。通过对沉井基础和高桩承台钻孔桩基础等多项基础方案的比选，考虑到沉井结构受力明确、刚度大、工序简单，经济性高等优点，中塔基础最终选用沉井基础。根据塔柱底的构造要求，受力要求，沉井采用58 m×44 m四角倒圆的矩形沉井，沉井总高76 m。为了能在深水中顺利施工，沉井下部为钢壳混凝土结构，上部为钢筋混凝土结构。文中介绍了泰州大桥水中沉井的结构构造、施工方法、方案比较以及沉井的设计特点，可为今后类似工程起到很好的借鉴作用。

关键词：泰州大桥大型深水沉井基础设计

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泰州大桥南锚碇沉井基础深度效应研究

潘辉,邵国建,胡丰

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第5期页码 62-65

摘要：

重力式锚碇基础在计算中通常简化为浅基础，并不考虑深度效应的影响，较为不经济。泰州大桥南锚碇沉井埋置深度达42 m，为将深度效应考虑到锚碇稳定性计算中，故采用有限元法对泰州大桥南锚碇沉井基础的深度效应进行研究。通过计算对比不同埋置深度条件下锚碇基础在施工期及运营期内位移和转角的变化，可知深度效应对锚碇基础承载力的增强作用十分明显。

关键词：重力式锚碇沉井基础深度效应有限元

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陆上特大型沉井施工技术

邱琼海,林帆,姜江华

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第4期页码 14-20

摘要：

泰州大桥主桥采用主跨2×1 080 m三塔两跨两锚碇悬索桥，其中南、北锚碇基础为特大型沉井，矩形平面尺寸为67.9 m×52.0 m，高度分别为41 m,57 m。针对锚碇基础覆盖层深厚、基础尺寸巨大、沉井下沉深度深等特点，通过施工技术的攻关，顺利完成了砂桩复合地基处理、沉井制作和拼装、钢壳沉井混凝土填充、混凝土沉井接高施工、水力机械冲吸式排水下沉和空气吸泥机吸泥下沉等多项施工工序，为今后陆上特大型沉井施工提供了借鉴。文章简要介绍了南、北锚碇陆上特大型沉井的施工技术。

关键词：悬索桥锚碇沉井拼装深井降水地基沉降空气吸泥桥梁施工

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锚碇沉井基础施工期安全监控技术

冯兆祥,王锦国,王建

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第4期页码 68-72

摘要：

针对泰州大桥南锚沉井基础的结构特点和施工方法，设计了施工安全监控方案。施工期监测成果分析表明：沉井下沉初期沉井底部刃脚附近水平方向的拉应力较大，将此项物理量作为下沉的控制指标，有效指导了沉井施工；侧壁土压力分布随入土深度呈先增加后减小规律。

关键词：沉井控制指标下沉侧壁土压力

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Displacement and force analyses of piles in the pile-caisson composite structure under eccentric inclined

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0957-y

摘要： A novel anchorage for long-span suspension bridges, called pile-caisson composite structures, was recently proposed by the authors in an attempt to reduce the construction period and costs. This study aims to investigate the displacement and force behavior of piles in a pile-caisson composite structure under eccentric inclined loading considering different stratum features. To this end, both 1g model tests and three-dimensional numerical simulations were performed. Two groups of 1g model tests were used to validate the finite-element (FE) method. Parametric studies were then performed to investigate the effects of groundwater level, burial depth of the pile-caisson composite structure, and distribution of soil layers on the performance of the pile-caisson composite structure. The numerical analyses indicated that the influence of the groundwater level on the stability of the caisson was much greater than that of the piles. In addition, increasing the burial depth of the pile-caisson composite structure can assist in reducing the displacements and improving the stability of the pile-caisson composite structure. In addition, the distribution of soil layers can significantly affect the stability of the pile-caisson composite structure, especially the soil layer around the caisson.

关键词： composite structure piles foundation suspension bridge 1g model test finite-element analysis

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海上风电场基础形式及配套施工技术

秦顺全,张瑞霞,李军堂

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第11期页码 35-39

摘要：

根据不同的水深及地质条件，结合已建成的海上风电场基础形式及施工方法，介绍和研究了重力式、单桩、群桩、设置沉箱、沉井及吸力式筒形基础等几种形式。对不同的基础形式，分别提出了自升式平台、浅吃水半潜驳、打桩船及整体浮运吊装等相应的基础施工方法。根据风机机组类型，对塔筒和风机的安装也做了介绍。

关键词：海上风电场基础形式桩基础导管架基础吸力式筒形基础设置沉箱风机安装

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Resistance of large caisson in floating transport considering the influence of air

Junjie ZHENG, Zongzhe LI, Dongan ZHAO, Qiang MA, Rongjun ZHANG,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 331-338 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0085-3

摘要： This paper deals with the floating resistance of super large caisson by numerical simulation, and the influence of air resistance on the caisson, which is often ignored by previous researchers, is considered. The floating caisson of Taizhou Highway Bridge’s middle tower pier is investigated, and the software package FLUENT is used to simulate the floating process of large-scale rounded rectangular steel caisson. This simulation adopts the volume of fluid (VOF) model with water-air two-phase flow, which can take both the hydraulic resistance and air resistance into account. Subsequently, the analyses on hydraulic resistance and air resistance under different working conditions, such as different flow velocities and different draughts of water are performed, and the results are compared with those calculated by related empirical formula. The comparison shows that the air resistance takes up notable portion in the total resistance on the floating caisson, and the effect of air resistance on the safety of caisson should be paid sufficient attention to rather than be ignored.

关键词： large-scale caisson numerical simulation hydraulic resistance air resistance

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超大型陆上沉井封底施工技术

杜洪池,杨宁

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第5期页码 19-22

摘要：

泰州大桥北锚碇沉井封底总方量超过30 000 m³，为目前国内立方量最大的水下封底混凝土施工工程，其施工难度大，现场组织要求高。从沉井清基、封底设备布置、封底混凝土施工工艺等方面概略介绍泰州大桥北锚碇沉井封底施工技术。

关键词：超大型陆上沉井基础沉井封底技术泰州大桥

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海洋桥梁工程施工技术及装备发展研究

张瑞霞

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第3期页码 5-11 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.03.015

摘要：

随着全球经济一体化战略的实施，海洋桥梁已成为各国基础设施重要的组成部分，这条绚丽的蓝色纽带也将带动海洋经济的快速发展。目前，已建成的海洋桥梁结构形式及施工装备还远不能满足桥梁向纵深海域发展的需要，为储备高端关键技术，迫切需要深入海洋桥梁施工技术及装备发展战略研究。在深水基础方面，着重对沉井基础、设置基础及大直径钢桩基础的大型化、装配化及智能化提出研究方向；在海洋桥梁的斜拉桥及悬索桥上部结构方面，就主塔、主梁及索束的结构形式及施工方法重点研究大节段制造运输、自动调整对位安装、结构抗风措施等；在智慧建造方面，提出结合信息化平台及可视化装备进行综合应用性研究。

关键词：海洋桥梁设置基础沉井大直径钢桩斜拉桥悬索桥智能化建筑信息模型技术

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超大型沉井降排水下沉施工

夏国星,杜洪池

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第4期页码 25-28

摘要：

泰州大桥北锚碇沉井基础长67.9 m、宽52 m、高57 m，在沉井下沉的初期，采用降排水下沉。降排水下沉施工成本相比不排水下沉低，且下沉效率高，易控制，可形成良好的下沉导向，并确保沉井的下沉速度和精度，适宜在粉细砂、软塑性亚黏土等地质条件下采用。文章以泰州大桥北锚碇沉井基础为例，介绍了超大型沉井降排水施工的降排水下沉施工工艺。

关键词：超大型沉井降排水施工

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Torsional vibrations of a cylindrical foundation embedded in a saturated poroelastic half-space

Dazhi WU,Lu YU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 194-202 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0292-z

摘要： Considering the interactions between an embedded foundation and saturated soil, the torsional vibrations of a cylindrical foundation embedded in a saturated poroelastic medium are analyzed in this paper. Both a rigid foundation and an elastic foundation are considered. Assuming both the side surface and the bottom surface of the foundation are perfectly bonded to soil, the reaction torques that the side soil and bottom soil acting on the foundation can be gained from basic dynamic equations of the poroelastic medium. According to the dynamic equilibrium equations of a foundation under harmonic torque, the torsional vibrations of an embedded cylindrical foundation are presented. Besides, the angular amplitude of the foundation, the equivalent stiffness and damping coefficients of the soil are expressed explicitly. Selected examples are presented to investigate the influence of relevant parameters on the torsional vibrations.

关键词： embedded foundation saturated soil rigid foundation elastic foundation torsional vibration

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超大型薄壁沉井钢壳加工和精度控制

彭武,林帆,赵强,马建磊

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第4期页码 21-24

摘要：

论述了对泰州长江公路大桥超大型薄壁钢壳沉井加工工艺和焊接工艺的合理选择，针对钢壳沉井外形尺寸大、壁薄的特点，采用了合理的焊接、拼装方法，使单元件加工、各单元件组装和整体拼装过程的精度，以及对薄壁钢板的焊接和防变形的精度得到有效控制，从而保证加工质量。

关键词：超大型薄壁钢壳沉井加工精度控制

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Numerical modeling of current-induced scour around multi-wall foundation using large-eddy simulation

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第4期页码 546-565 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0943-4

摘要： Scouring is one of the primary triggers of failure for bridges across rivers or seas. However, research concerning the scour mechanism of multi-wall foundations (MWFs) remains scarce, hindering the further application of MWFs. In this study, for the first time, the scouring effect caused by unidirectional flow around MWFs was examined numerically using FLOW-3D involving a large-eddy simulation. Initially, the applicability of the scouring model and input parameters was validated using a case study based on published measured data. Subsequently, the scouring effects of four MWFs with different wall arrangements and inflow angles, including the flow field analysis and scour pit and depth, were investigated thoroughly. It was found that the maximum scour depth of MWFs with an inflow angle of 0° was smaller than that of those with an inflow angle of 45°, regardless of the wall arrangement. Meanwhile, changing the inflow angle significantly affects the scour characteristics of MWFs arranged in parallel. In practical engineering, MWFs arranged in parallel are preferred considering the need for scouring resistance. However, a comparative analysis should be performed to consider comprehensively whether to adopt the form of a round wall arrangement when the inflow angle is not 0° or the inflow direction is changeable.

关键词： multi-wall foundation current-induced scour bridge foundation large-eddy simulation numerical analysis

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Evaluation of seismic reliability of gravity dam-reservoir-inhomogeneous foundation coupled system

Hamid Taghavi GANJI, Mohammad ALEMBAGHERI, Mohammad Houshmand KHANEGHAHI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第3期页码 701-715 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0507-1

摘要： The seismic performance of gravity dam-reservoir-foundation coupled system is investigated utilizing probabilistic approach. In this research, the uncertainties associated with modeling parameters are incorporated in nonlinear response history simulations to realistically quantify their effects on the seismic performance of the system. The methodology is applied to Pine Flat gravity dam and the foundation is considered to be inhomogeneous assuming a constant spatial geometry but with various rock material properties. The sources of uncertainty are taken into account in the reliability analysis using Latin Hypercube Sampling procedure. The effects of the deconvolution process, number of samples, and foundation inhomogeneity are investigated.

关键词： gravity dams dam-reservoir-foundation interaction seismic reliability inhomogeneous foundation earthquake deconvolution